NRCAM - neuronal cell adhesion molecule
BackgroundNeuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NRCAM) is a member of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which play a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system. NRCAM is encoded by the NRCAM gene located on chromosome 7q31. It is predominantly expressed in the nervo...
NPTN - neuroplastin
BackgroundNeuroplastin (NPTN) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. The NPTN gene is located on chromosome 15q24 and encodes two main isoforms through alternative splicing: Neuroplastin-55 (Np55) and Neuroplastin-65 (Np65...
NFASC - neurofascin
BackgroundNeurofascin (NFASC) is a cell adhesion molecule crucial for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. It is part of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules, which are integral membrane proteins involved in cell-cell adhesion processes. Neurofascin plays a pivotal role in the ...
NEXN - nexilin F-actin binding protein
BackgroundNexilin, encoded by the NEXN gene, is a crucial protein involved in the maintenance and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. It was first identified through its interaction with F-actin, an essential component of the cytoskeleton, which is involved in various cellular processes including ...
NEO1 - neogenin 1
BackgroundNeogenin 1 (NEO1) is a multifunctional transmembrane receptor protein encoded by the NEO1 gene, located on chromosome 15q22.31. It belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is closely related to the Netrin receptors, particularly the Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) protein. Neogenin...
NEGR1 - neuronal growth regulator 1
BackgroundNeuronal Growth Regulator 1 (NEGR1) is a protein encoded by the NEGR1 gene, located on chromosome 1p31.1. This gene is part of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is known to play critical roles in neural development and plasticity. NEGR1 is involved in cell-cell adhesion, promoting ne...
NCAM - neural cell adhesion molecule
BackgroundThe Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM), also known as CD56, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion, crucial for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. It was first identified as a glycoprotein on the surface of neural cells and has si...
MYOM - myomesin
BackgroundMyomesin (MYOM) is a key structural protein found in the M-band of the sarcomere, the fundamental unit of muscle contraction in striated muscle cells. It plays a critical role in maintaining the structural integrity and alignment of the thick filaments within the sarcomere, ensuring effici...
MYLK - myosin light chain kinase
BackgroundMyosin Light Chain Kinase (MYLK) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that plays a crucial role in muscle contraction and various cellular processes involving cytoskeletal dynamics. MYLK phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin II, a process essential for muscle contrac...
MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor
BackgroundThe MYC proto-oncogene, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family, is a critical regulator of cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. MYC, located on chromosome 8q24, encodes a nuclear protein that influences the expression of a vast array of target genes...
MYBPH - myosin binding protein H ( LIKE)
BackgroundMyosin binding protein H (MYBPH) is a member of the myosin-binding protein family, which plays critical roles in the structural organization and function of muscle sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the fundamental contractile unit of striated muscle, comprising repeated units of actin and myosi...
MYBPC - myosin binding protein C
BackgroundMyosin binding protein C (MYBPC) is a crucial component of the sarcomere, the fundamental unit of muscle contraction in striated muscles. This protein family is encoded by the MYBPC genes and plays a vital role in the regulation of muscle contraction and the structural integrity of the sar...
MXRA - matrix remodeling associated
BackgroundMatrix remodeling associated proteins (MXRA) are a group of proteins involved in the dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a crucial process in various physiological and pathological conditions. The ECM is a complex network of proteins and other molecules that provide struc...
MUSK - muscle associated receptor tyrosine kinase
BackgroundMuscle-associated receptor tyrosine kinase (MUSK) is a critical protein in the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the synapse between motor neurons and muscle fibers. MUSK is essential for the proper functioning of the NMJ, playing a pivotal role in the signalin...
MFAP - microfibril associated protein
BackgroundMicrofibril Associated Proteins (MFAPs) are a group of proteins that play crucial roles in the structure and function of microfibrils, which are key components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These proteins are involved in the formation and maintenance of elastic fibers, which provide r...
MERTK - MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase
BackgroundMERTK (MER Proto-Oncogene, Tyrosine Kinase) is a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) receptor tyrosine kinase family, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune response, cell survival, migration, and phagocytosis. This gene was identified due to its homology with the avi...
MAG - myelin associated glycoprotein
BackgroundMyelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the nervous system. It is predominantly found in the myelin sheath, a protective covering that surrounds nerve fibers (axons) in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral...
L1CAM - L1 cell adhesion molecule
BackgroundL1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) is a critical protein in the nervous system that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It plays a significant role in neural development, influencing processes such as axonal guidance, neuronal migration, and synaptic plasticity. L1CAM is predominantl...
LSAMP - limbic system associated membrane protein
BackgroundLimbic System Associated Membrane Protein (LSAMP) is a critical cell adhesion molecule that plays a vital role in the limbic system, a set of brain structures involved in emotion, behavior, long-term memory, and olfaction. LSAMP is part of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion mo...
LRRN - leucine rich repeat neuronal
BackgroundLeucine-Rich Repeat Neuronal (LRRN) proteins are a subgroup of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) containing proteins primarily expressed in the nervous system. LRRN proteins are part of a larger family of LRR-containing proteins that are characterized by the presence of multiple LRR motifs. These ...
LRIT - leucine rich repeat, Ig-like and transmembrane domains
BackgroundThe LRIT (Leucine-Rich Repeat, Ig-like and Transmembrane domains) family encompasses a group of proteins that are integral to various cellular processes, particularly in the context of cellular signaling, adhesion, and immune responses. These proteins are characterized by the presence of l...
LRIG - leucine rich repeats and immunoglobulin like domains
BackgroundThe LRIG (Leucine-Rich Repeats and Immunoglobulin-like Domains) family is a group of proteins that are characterized by the presence of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains. These proteins play crucial roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and signal...
BackgroundThe LRFN (Leucine Rich Repeat and Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing) family of proteins plays a pivotal role in neural development, synapse formation, and signal transduction. These proteins are part of a larger family characterized by the presence of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and f...
LINGO - leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing
BackgroundLINGO proteins, also known as Leucine-Rich Repeat and Ig Domain Containing (LRR and Ig domain-containing), are critical players in the nervous system's development and functioning. These proteins are characterized by their unique structure, which includes leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains ...
KIRREL - kirre like nephrin family adhesion molecule
BackgroundKIRREL, also known as kin of IRRE-like protein or NEPH1, is part of the nephrin-like protein family, which plays a significant role in cell adhesion and signal transduction processes in various tissues. The gene encoding KIRREL is located on chromosome 1q23.1 in humans. KIRREL proteins are...
KDR - kinase insert domain receptor
BackgroundKDR, also known as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), is a critical protein in the regulation of angiogenesis and vascular development. This receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) is encoded by the KDR gene located on chromosome 4q12 in humans. KDR is a member of the VEGF rec...
KAZALD1 - Kazal type serine peptidase inhibitor domain 1
BackgroundKAZALD1, also known as Kazal-type serine peptidase inhibitor domain 1, is a protein encoded by the KAZALD1 gene in humans. This protein belongs to the Kazal family of serine protease inhibitors, which are characterized by their ability to inhibit serine proteases, enzymes that play critica...
KALRN - kalirin RhoGEF kinase
BackgroundKalirin (KALRN) is a multidomain protein encoded by the KALRN gene, which plays a crucial role in neuronal development and function. It belongs to the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF) family and is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics. This protein is highly e...
JAM - junctional adhesion molecule
BackgroundJunctional Adhesion Molecules (JAMs) are a family of cell surface proteins that play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and functionality of cellular junctions. These proteins are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and are primarily located at tight junctions in epithelial ...
ISLR - immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine rich repeat
BackgroundISLR (Immunoglobulin Superfamily Containing Leucine Rich Repeat) is a protein encoded by the ISLR gene in humans. It belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), which is known for its involvement in cell adhesion, immune response, and various signaling processes. The ISLR protein is ...
IGSF - immunoglobulin superfamily member
BackgroundThe Immunoglobulin Superfamily (IGSF) is a large and diverse group of proteins that play essential roles in the immune system and other physiological processes. These proteins are characterized by the presence of one or more immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, which are involved in recognition, b...
HSPG2 - heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2
BackgroundHeparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2), also known as perlecan, is a significant component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in many tissues, including basement membranes. HSPG2 plays a crucial role in various physiological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, a...
HMCN - hemicentin
BackgroundHemicentins are a group of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that are highly conserved across species, including humans. The human hemicentin family includes two primary members: HMCN1 and HMCN2. These proteins are essential for various cellular processes, including maintaining tissue in...
HEPACAM family member 2
BackgroundHEPACAM family member 2, often referred to as HEPACAM2, is a protein encoded by the HEPACAM2 gene in humans. This protein belongs to the HEPACAM (Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2) family, which includes cell adhesion molecules that play significant roles in cellular processes such as prolife...
FSTL - Follistatin-like protein
BackgroundFollistatin-like (FSTL) proteins are a group of proteins related to follistatin, a well-known regulator of various growth factors. FSTL proteins share structural similarities with follistatin but have distinct biological functions. Follistatin itself is a glycoprotein that binds and neutra...
FLT4 - fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 4
BackgroundFLT4, also known as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the regulation of lymphangiogenesis, the formation of lymphatic vessels from pre-existing lymphatic endothelium. It plays a crucial role in the maintenance and development...
FLT1 - fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1
BackgroundFLT1, also known as FMS-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1), is a crucial member of the VEGF receptor family. It plays a vital role in angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature, which is essentia...
FGFR4 - fibroblast growth factor receptor 4
BackgroundFibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 (FGFR4) is one of the four members of the FGFR family, which includes FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4. FGFR4 plays a crucial role in cell growth, survival, differentiation, and angiogenesis, making it an essential component in various physiological and pa...
FGFR3 - fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
BackgroundFibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) is a member of the FGFR family, which consists of four known receptors (FGFR1 to FGFR4). These receptors are part of the larger tyrosine kinase receptor family that binds to fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). FGFR3 plays a crucial role in various ...
FGFR2 - fibroblast growth factor receptor 2
BackgroundFibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) is one of the four known receptors in the fibroblast growth factor receptor family, which are crucial for the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and development. The FGFR2 gene is located on chromosome 10q26 and encodes a receptor tyrosi...
FGFRL1 - fibroblast growth factor receptor like 1
BackgroundFibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Like 1 (FGFRL1) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, which is known for its critical roles in developmental processes and cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and migration. FGFRL1, encoded by the FGFRL1...
FGFR1 - fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
BackgroundFibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that is part of the fibroblast growth factor receptor family. These receptors are critical for a variety of developmental and physiological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, angiogenesi...
EMB - embigin
BackgroundEmbigin (EMB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is widely known for its role in cell-cell adhesion, signal transduction, and immune response. Embigin was first identified in mouse embryo tissues and later found to be conserved across vari...
DSCAM - DS cell adhesion molecule
BackgroundThe Down Syndrome Cell Adhesion Molecule (DSCAM) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, crucial for nervous system development and function. DSCAM was first identified due to its potential involvement in Down syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by the pre...
DCC netrin 1 receptor
BackgroundThe Deleted in Colorectal Carcinoma (DCC) gene encodes a transmembrane receptor for netrin-1, a crucial guidance cue for axonal growth and cell migration. Originally identified due to its deletion in colorectal cancer cells, DCC plays significant roles in neural development, particularly i...
CNTN - contactin
BackgroundContactins are a family of immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules that play crucial roles in the nervous system, particularly in the development and maintenance of neuronal networks. The contactin (CNTN) family includes six members: CNTN1 (contactin-1), CNTN2 (contactin-2, also known ...
CLMP - CXADR like membrane protein
BackgroundCXADR-like membrane protein (CLMP) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell adhesion, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of various tissues and facilitating cellular communication. It was initially identified through its sequence similarity to the...
CHL1 - cell adhesion molecule L1 like
BackgroundCell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are critical for the formation and maintenance of tissue structure and function. One of these molecules, CHL1 (Close Homolog of L1), also known as L1CAM-like protein or L1-like cell adhesion molecule, is a member of the L1 family of neural cell adhesion molec...
CEACAM5 - CEA cell adhesion molecule 5
Background CEACAM5, also known as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family. These molecules are part of the immunoglobulin superfamily and play a crucial role in cell adhesion, signaling, and immune responses. CEACAM5 ...
CDON - cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated
Background CDON (Cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in various cellular processes including cell adhesion, signal transduction, and regulation of cell growth. It is crucial for proper cellular communication and development. CDON is ex...