NPY - Neuropeptide Y Receptor | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

The Neuropeptide Y Receptor (NPY receptor) is a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate the effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY), a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. NPY receptors were identified in the late 1980s and early 1990s through pharmacological and molecular studies. NPY receptors are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues, including the brain, spinal cord, autonomic ganglia, and various organs. NPY receptors are activated by neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), and pancreatic polypeptide (PP), which belong to the pancreatic polypeptide family. In summary, Neuropeptide Y Receptors (NPY receptors) are a family of GPCRs involved in the regulation of feeding behavior, neurotransmission, stress responses, and cardiovascular function. Dysregulation of NPY receptor signaling has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including obesity, anxiety disorders, depression, and cardiovascular diseases, making them potential therapeutic targets for these conditions.

Structural Features:

• NPY receptors are typical GPCRs with seven transmembrane domains, an extracellular N-terminus, and an intracellular C-terminus.
• Three subtypes have been identified: NPY1 receptor (NPY1R), NPY2 receptor (NPY2R), and NPY5 receptor (NPY5R), each with distinct pharmacological profiles.

Physiological Functions:

• Regulation of Feeding Behavior: NPY receptors play key roles in the regulation of feeding behavior, appetite, and energy homeostasis.
• Neurotransmission: NPY receptors modulate synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in the CNS and peripheral nervous system.
• Stress Responses: NPY receptors are involved in stress responses, anxiety, and emotional regulation.
• Cardiovascular Regulation: NPY receptors modulate cardiovascular function, including blood pressure regulation and vascular tone.

Clinical Implications:

• Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Dysregulation of NPY receptor signaling has been implicated in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and eating disorders.
• Anxiety and Depression: Alterations in NPY receptor expression and function have been associated with anxiety disorders, depression, and other mood disorders.
• Cardiovascular Diseases: NPY receptors may play roles in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and heart failure.

Therapeutic Potential:

• Drug Development: NPY receptor agonists and antagonists are being investigated for their potential therapeutic applications in obesity, anxiety disorders, depression, and cardiovascular diseases.
• Precision Medicine: Targeting specific NPY receptor subtypes may offer personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual disease states and patient profiles.