Neuropeptide Y Receptor Type 4 (NPY4R) Antibody

Background

NPY4R, also known as the pancreatic polypeptide receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor activated primarily by pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and, to a lesser extent, by peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). NPY4R is expressed in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and peripheral tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and adipose tissue. Activation of NPY4R regulates appetite, energy balance, and gastrointestinal function. It couples to Gi/o proteins, inhibiting adenylate cyclase, reducing cAMP levels, and modulating neurotransmission. NPY4R plays a role in reducing food intake and regulating satiety, particularly following meal ingestion. Dysregulation of NPY4R is associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and impaired pancreatic function. NPY4R agonists are being explored as therapeutic agents for obesity and type 2 diabetes, as enhancing NPY4R signaling can reduce appetite and improve glucose homeostasis. Its role in energy balance and metabolism highlights NPY4R as a promising target for managing obesity and metabolic diseases.