PROKR - Prokineticin Receptor | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

The Prokineticin Receptor (PROKR) is a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to prokineticin (PK) ligands, which are small secreted proteins involved in diverse biological processes. PROKR is a GPCR family consisting of two subtypes, PROKR1 and PROKR2, which mediate the effects of prokineticin ligands, including prokineticin 1 (PK1) and prokineticin 2 (PK2). PROKR receptors are expressed in various tissues and cell types, including the central nervous system, peripheral tissues, immune cells, and reproductive organs, where they regulate diverse physiological functions. PROKR1 and PROKR2 are activated by PK1, also known as endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF), which plays roles in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and circadian rhythm regulation. PROKR2 is also activated by PK2, which is involved in reproductive functions, olfactory signaling, and regulation of gastrointestinal motility. In summary, the Prokineticin Receptor (PROKR) family consists of GPCRs that mediate the effects of prokineticin ligands in various physiological processes, including reproduction, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis. Dysregulation of PROKR signaling is implicated in reproductive disorders, neurological disorders, and cancer, making PROKR receptors potential therapeutic targets for these conditions

Structural Features:

• PROKR receptors are typical GPCRs with seven transmembrane domains, an extracellular N-terminus, and an intracellular C-terminus.
• Ligand binding induces conformational changes in the receptor, leading to activation of downstream signaling pathways.

Physiological Functions:

• Reproductive System: PROKR signaling regulates reproductive functions, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron migration, puberty onset, and ovarian follicle development.
• Neurological Functions: PROKR receptors are involved in neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and circadian rhythm regulation in the central nervous system.
• Cardiovascular System: PK1 signaling through PROKR1 mediates angiogenesis and vascular permeability, contributing to cardiovascular development and tissue repair.

Clinical Implications:

• Reproductive Disorders: Mutations in PROKR2 are associated with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH), a disorder characterized by delayed puberty and infertility.
• Neurological Disorders: Dysregulation of PROKR signaling is implicated in neurological disorders such as migraine, epilepsy, and mood disorders.
• Cancer: Altered expression of PROKR receptors and prokineticin ligands is observed in various cancers, suggesting potential roles in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis.

Therapeutic Potential:

• Fertility Treatments: Targeting PROKR signaling pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for the treatment of reproductive disorders such as infertility and hypogonadism.
• Neurological Disorders: Modulation of PROKR signaling pathways may have therapeutic potential for neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, and mood disorders.
• Angiogenesis Inhibition: Inhibition of PROKR signaling could be explored as a strategy for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancer and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.