C3a-C5a - Complement component Receptor | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

Complement peptide receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to complement peptides, which are small peptides generated during the activation of the complement system. These receptors play essential roles in immune responses, inflammation, and host defense against pathogens.Complement peptide receptors are activated by complement peptides, small fragments generated during the activation of the complement system. These peptides, including C3a and C5a, serve as chemoattractants and inflammatory mediators, recruiting immune cells to sites of infection or tissue damage.

Structural Features:

Complement peptide receptors, like other GPCRs, consist of seven transmembrane domains, an extracellular N-terminus, and an intracellular C-terminus. Upon ligand binding, conformational changes in the receptor initiate intracellular signaling cascades through interaction with heterotrimeric G proteins.

Subtypes and Classification:

Complement peptide receptors encompass several subtypes, including:

• C3a Receptor (C3aR): This receptor responds to the complement peptide C3a, which is generated during the cleavage of complement component C3. C3aR is implicated in immune cell activation, inflammation, and allergic responses.
• C5a Receptor (C5aR): This receptor responds to the complement peptide C5a, which is generated during the cleavage of complement component C5. C5aR plays a crucial role in immune cell chemotaxis, inflammation, and antimicrobial defense.

 Physiological Functions:

Complement peptide receptors mediate various physiological effects in different tissues and organ systems:

• Immune Cell Activation: Complement peptide receptors regulate the activation and function of immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells, in response to complement peptide signals.
• Inflammation: Complement peptide receptors play a crucial role in initiating and amplifying inflammatory responses by promoting immune cell chemotaxis, cytokine production, vascular permeability, and leukocyte extravasation.
• Host Defense: Complement peptide receptors contribute to host defense against pathogens by recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, enhancing phagocytosis and microbial killing, and promoting the clearance of pathogens and cellular debris.

Clinical Implications:

Dysregulation of complement peptide receptor signaling is associated with various pathological conditions:

• Inflammatory Diseases: Altered complement peptide receptor activity may contribute to inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), autoimmune diseases, and allergic reactions.
• Infectious Diseases: Dysfunctional complement peptide signaling may impair host defense mechanisms and increase susceptibility to infections by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
• Neurological Disorders: Complement peptide receptors are implicated in neuroinflammatory processes associated with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.