NTSR - Neurotensin Receptor | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

Neurotensin Receptor (NTSR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates the effects of neurotensin (NT), a neuropeptide involved in various physiological processes. NTSR was identified in the late 1980s and early 1990s through molecular cloning and pharmacological studies. NTSR is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system, and various peripheral tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and cardiovascular system. NTSR is activated by neurotensin (NT), a 13-amino acid peptide, as well as by related peptides such as neuromedin N and xenopsin.In summary, the Neurotensin Receptor (NTSR) is a GPCR that mediates the effects of neurotensin (NT) in the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and various peripheral tissues. Dysregulation of NTSR signaling has been implicated in neurological disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and cancer, making NTSR a potential therapeutic target for these conditions

Structural Features:

• NTSR is a typical GPCR with seven transmembrane domains, an extracellular N-terminus, and an intracellular C-terminus.
• Two subtypes have been identified: NTSR1 (also known as NTS1) and NTSR2 (also known as NTS2), each with distinct pharmacological profiles.

Subtypes and Classification:

• NTSR1 (NTS1): Primarily expressed in the CNS, including regions such as the striatum, cortex, and hypothalamus. It mediates the central effects of neurotensin, including analgesia, hypothermia, and regulation of neurotransmitter release.
• NTSR2 (NTS2): Expressed in both the CNS and peripheral tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. It is involved in the regulation of gut motility, secretion, and glucose homeostasis.

Physiological Functions:

• Neurotransmission: NTSR activation modulates neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability in the CNS, contributing to pain modulation, thermoregulation, and locomotor activity.
• Gastrointestinal Regulation: NTSR signaling regulates gastrointestinal motility, secretion, and absorption, influencing digestive processes and gut function.
• Cardiovascular Effects: NTSR activation affects cardiovascular function, including vasodilation, blood pressure regulation, and heart rate modulation.
• Clinical Implications:
• Neurological Disorders: Dysregulation of NTSR signaling has been implicated in neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and pain disorders.
• Gastrointestinal Disorders: Alterations in NTSR signaling may contribute to gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and pancreatitis.
• Cancer: NTSR expression is altered in various cancers, and NTSR signaling may play roles in cancer progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis.

Therapeutic Potential:

Drug Development: NTSR agonists and antagonists are being investigated for their potential therapeutic applications in pain management, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and cancer.