ALDOC - Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase C | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase C (ALDOC) is an essential enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, which is critical for energy production in cells. It specifically catalyzes the reversible cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. ALDOC is predominantly expressed in the brain and is involved in various neural functions. It is one of three aldolase isozymes, along with ALDOA and ALDOB, which are distributed in different tissues.. ALDOC is primarily expressed in the brain and central nervous system tissues. ALDOC plays a crucial role in energy production and metabolism in the brain. It helps provide energy for brain cells by breaking down glucose. ALDOC dysregulation has been implicated in certain neurological disorders, though the exact mechanisms are still being studied. For example, alterations in ALDOC expression have been observed in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy.ALDOC levels or activity may serve as a biomarker for certain brain disorders, aiding in diagnosis and understanding disease progression. Difference from ALDOA and ALDOB: ALDOC is distinct in its tissue specificity, being primarily found in neural tissues, unlike ALDOA (cytoplasmic, broad tissue distribution) and ALDOB (liver, kidney, and small intestine). ALDOC's role in the brain's energy metabolism makes it a significant enzyme in neural function and health. Further research on ALDOC could provide valuable insights into neurological disorders and brain metabolism.

Protein Structure:

• General Structure: ALDOC is a homotetramer, composed of four identical subunits.
• Active Site: Each subunit has an active site that binds to the fructose-1,6-bisphosphate substrate.
• Domains: The enzyme has a TIM barrel structure, a common motif in enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions.

Classification and Subtypes:

• Isozymes: The aldolase family consists of three isozymes: ALDOA (muscle), ALDOB (liver), and ALDOC (brain).
• Gene Location: The ALDOC gene is located on chromosome 17q21.31.

Function and Biological Significance:

• Glycolysis: ALDOC plays a pivotal role in the glycolytic pathway, contributing to the breakdown of glucose for energy production.
• Brain Function: In the brain, ALDOC is crucial for maintaining energy metabolism, which is vital for neuronal activity and function.
• Regulation: The expression of ALDOC is regulated by various factors, including hypoxia and glucose levels, to meet the metabolic demands of neural tissues.

Interactions:

• Metabolic Pathways: ALDOC interacts with other glycolytic enzymes to ensure efficient energy production.
• Protein-Protein Interactions: It may interact with other proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure and cellular metabolism.

Clinical Issues:

• Neurological Disorders: Abnormalities in ALDOC expression or function can be associated with neurological disorders. Deficiency or mutations in the ALDOC gene might contribute to metabolic dysfunctions in the brain.
• Metabolic Diseases: Since ALDOC is involved in glycolysis, alterations in its activity can affect overall glucose metabolism, potentially leading to metabolic diseases.

Summary:

ALDOC is a crucial enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, primarily expressed in the brain, where it supports essential energy production. Its structure as a homotetramer with a TIM barrel domain allows it to effectively catalyze the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. As one of the three aldolase isozymes, ALDOC's unique tissue distribution highlights its specialized role in neural metabolism. Understanding its function and interactions helps in appreciating its significance in health and disease, particularly in neurological and metabolic disorders.