ANXA8 - Annexin A8 (Like) | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

Annexin A8, also known as ANXA8, is a member of the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins. Annexin A8 is a protein consisting of approximately 319 amino acids with a molecular weight of about 35 kDa. Annexin A8 binds to phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner. It has a preference for phosphatidylserine. Annexin A8 is primarily located in the cytoplasm but can translocate to the plasma membrane and other cellular compartments in response to cellular signaling and stimuli. Annexin A8 has been implicated in cancer. Alterations in its expression have been observed in various cancers, and it may play roles in cancer progression and metastasis. It is considered a potential biomarker for certain cancers.Some studies suggest that Annexin A8 may be involved in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It may contribute to immune dysregulation and inflammation. Annexin A8 has been also studied in the context of cardiovascular diseases. It may play a role in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. There is emerging research on the potential involvement of Annexin A8 in neurological disorders. It may have implications for neuronal function and neurodegenerative diseases.

Protein Structure:

• Core Domain: ANXA8, like other annexins, has a conserved core domain composed of four annexin repeats. These repeats are responsible for its ability to bind calcium and phospholipids.
• N-terminal Domain: The N-terminal region of ANXA8 is variable and contributes to its specific functions and interactions with other proteins.
• C-terminal Domain: Similar to other annexins, the C-terminal domain aids in membrane binding and protein-protein interactions.

Classification and Subtypes:

ANXA8 belongs to the annexin family, which includes a range of proteins from ANXA1 to ANXA13. There are no specific subtypes of ANXA8, but its expression and function can vary in different tissue types and physiological contexts.

Function and Biological Significance:

• Cell Differentiation: ANXA8 is implicated in the regulation of cellular differentiation. It is particularly relevant in epithelial cells, where it may influence the transition from a proliferative to a differentiated state.
• Cell Proliferation: ANXA8 can impact cell proliferation, potentially playing roles in both normal growth processes and pathological conditions such as cancer.
• Membrane Dynamics: By binding to phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner, ANXA8 participates in membrane-related processes, including vesicle trafficking and membrane repair.
• Signal Transduction: ANXA8 is involved in various signaling pathways, affecting cellular responses to external stimuli and intracellular signaling cascades.

Interactions:

• Phospholipids: ANXA8 binds to phospholipid membranes in the presence of calcium ions, a characteristic feature of annexins that facilitates their involvement in membrane-related processes.
• Protein Partners: ANXA8 interacts with other proteins involved in signaling and membrane dynamics. These interactions are crucial for its roles in cell differentiation and proliferation.

Clinical Issues:

• Cancer: Altered expression of ANXA8 has been observed in several types of cancer, including breast and pancreatic cancers. Its role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation makes it a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in oncology.
• Inflammation: Given the involvement of annexins in inflammatory processes, ANXA8 may also play a role in conditions characterized by inflammation, although specific details are still being researched.

Summary:

Annexin A8 (ANXA8) is a member of the annexin family, involved in crucial cellular processes such as membrane dynamics, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Its calcium-dependent binding to phospholipids allows it to participate in various membrane-associated functions. While ANXA8 is less studied compared to other annexins, its implications in cancer and potentially in inflammatory conditions highlight its biological and clinical significance. Further research into ANXA8 could uncover more about its specific roles and interactions, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools.