MAS1 proto-oncogene | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

The MAS1 proto-oncogene, also known as MAS1, is a gene that codes for the MAS1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) belonging to the angiotensin receptor family. The MAS1 receptor was initially identified as an orphan receptor, meaning its endogenous ligand was unknown. However, subsequent studies revealed that it serves as the receptor for angiotensin-(1-7), a peptide hormone derived from the cleavage of angiotensin I or angiotensin II. MAS1 was initially identified as a proto-oncogene due to its sequence similarity to oncogenes, but subsequent research characterized its product, the MAS1 receptor, as a key player in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with roles in cardiovascular regulation, blood pressure control, and vascular function.

MAS1 Receptor Structure:

The MAS1 receptor is a GPCR with seven transmembrane domains and an intracellular C-terminus responsible for coupling with G proteins and initiating intracellular signaling cascades upon ligand binding. It is widely expressed in various tissues, including the heart, blood vessels, kidney, brain, and adrenal glands.

Ligand:

The primary endogenous ligand for the MAS1 receptor is angiotensin-(1-7), which is generated from the cleavage of angiotensin I or angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Angiotensin-(1-7) binds to the MAS1 receptor with high affinity and specificity, triggering downstream signaling pathways.

Physiological Functions:

1.   Cardiovascular Regulation: Activation of the MAS1 receptor by angiotensin-(1-7) promotes vasodilation, reduces blood pressure, and exerts protective effects on the heart and blood vessels.

2.   Renal Function: The MAS1 receptor plays a role in renal function and electrolyte balance, influencing renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and sodium excretion.

3.   Neuroprotection: Activation of the MAS1 receptor has been associated with neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system, including modulation of synaptic transmission, neuronal survival, and cognitive function.

4.   Anti-inflammatory and Anti-fibrotic Effects: The MAS1 receptor signaling pathway is implicated in anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic processes, counteracting the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects of the angiotensin II/AT1 receptor axis.

Clinical Implications:

1.   Cardiovascular Diseases: Dysregulation of the MAS1 receptor has been implicated in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. Modulating MAS1 receptor signaling may have therapeutic potential for managing these conditions.

2.   Renal Disorders: Alterations in MAS1 receptor function are associated with renal disorders such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic nephropathy. Targeting the MAS1 receptor may offer therapeutic strategies for preserving renal function and mitigating kidney damage.

3.   Neurological Disorders: The MAS1 receptor is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and cognitive impairment, based on its neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies.

Therapeutic Potential:

1.   Pharmacological Modulation: Developing MAS1 receptor agonists or positive modulators as potential therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases, renal disorders, and neurological disorders.

2.   Drug Discovery: Screening for small molecules or peptides that selectively activate the MAS1 receptor or potentiate its signaling pathways for therapeutic intervention.

3.   Clinical Trials: Conducting clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MAS1 receptor-targeted therapies in patients with cardiovascular diseases, renal disorders, and neurological conditions.

Summary

IMAS1 proto-oncogene encodes the MAS1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor that serves as the receptor for angiotensin-(1-7). The MAS1 receptor plays critical roles in cardiovascular regulation, renal function, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammatory processes. Dysregulation of MAS1 receptor signaling is implicated in various clinical conditions, making it a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases, renal disorders, and neurological disorders. Further research into MAS1 receptor biology and pharmacology may lead to the development of novel treatments with clinical benefits.