Thrombomodulin (THBD) Protein

Background

Thrombomodulin (THBD) is an endothelial cell membrane protein with critical anticoagulant properties. It serves as a cofactor in thrombin-mediated activation of protein C, which plays a significant role in regulating blood coagulation and maintaining vascular integrity. Beyond hemostasis, thrombomodulin is involved in numerous physiological functions, including inflammation control, cell proliferation, and protection against oxidative stress. Its expression is most prominent on endothelial cells lining the blood vessels but can also be found in other cell types, such as epithelial and some immune cells. Because of its crucial role in anticoagulation and endothelial function, thrombomodulin dysregulation is associated with various vascular, inflammatory, and coagulation disorders, as well as certain cancer types.