Human Prostaglandin E Synthase 3 (PTGES3) Protein

Background

Prostaglandin E synthase 3 (PTGES3), also known as p23, is a multifunctional protein that acts as a co-chaperone for heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), playing a crucial role in the stabilization and activity of various client proteins, including steroid hormone receptors and kinases. It catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a lipid mediator involved in inflammation, immune response, and various physiological processes such as fever, pain, and vascular homeostasis. PTGES3 is also essential for the proper functioning of the glucocorticoid receptor complex, regulating its maturation and nuclear translocation. Dysregulation of PTGES3 expression has been implicated in cancer progression, as it influences tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion through PGE2-mediated signaling pathways. In addition to its roles in prostaglandin biosynthesis and HSP90 client protein stabilization, PTGES3 has been associated with the regulation of transcriptional activity and cellular stress responses, underscoring its diverse biological functions. Its expression is tightly regulated and can be modulated by cellular stress, hormonal signals, and inflammatory stimuli, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to external cues.