anti- PTGER3 antibody

Background

PTGER3, or EP3, is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Unlike other PGE2 receptors, EP3 exhibits unique signaling versatility, coupling to Gi, Gq, and Gs proteins to mediate diverse cellular responses. Activation of EP3 inhibits adenylate cyclase through Gi proteins, reduces cAMP levels, and enhances calcium mobilization via Gq pathways. EP3 is widely expressed in smooth muscle, immune cells, and neurons, where it regulates fever, gastric acid secretion, and smooth muscle contraction. EP3 plays a critical role in febrile responses by mediating PGE2-induced fever through its action in the hypothalamus. In the gastrointestinal tract, EP3 protects the gastric mucosa by reducing acid secretion and promoting mucus production. Dysregulation of EP3 contributes to fever, gastric ulcers, and vascular dysfunction. EP3 antagonists are being investigated for conditions like inflammation and fever, while agonists are explored for their protective effects in gastric ulceration and smooth muscle-related disorders.