BRK1 - BRICK1 subunit of SCAR/WAVE actin nucleating complex | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background

BRK1 (BRICK1) is a component of the SCAR/WAVE complex, which is crucial for actin nucleation and cytoskeletal remodeling. This complex is involved in various cellular processes, including cell motility, shape, and division. The SCAR/WAVE complex activates the Arp2/3 complex, which initiates the formation of branched actin networks. BRK1 is evolutionarily conserved and plays a key role in the structural integrity and function of the SCAR/WAVE complex.

Protein Structure

BRK1 is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 8 kDa. It is characterized by its ability to form homotrimers, which serve as a scaffold for the assembly of the SCAR/WAVE complex. The structure of BRK1 includes:

• N-terminal region: Involved in protein-protein interactions within the SCAR/WAVE complex.
• C-terminal region: Important for stabilizing the complex and facilitating its function in actin nucleation.

The homotrimeric structure of BRK1 is essential for the stabilization and proper assembly of the SCAR/WAVE complex, allowing it to interact with other proteins and membranes.

Classification and Subtypes

BRK1 does not have multiple isoforms but is part of the larger family of proteins involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation. It functions specifically within the SCAR/WAVE complex alongside other subunits such as WAVE1/2/3, Abi1/2, Nap1, and Sra1.

Function and Biological Significance

• Actin Nucleation: BRK1 is essential for the nucleation of new actin filaments, a critical process in cell motility and morphology.
• Cell Migration: Through its role in the SCAR/WAVE complex, BRK1 contributes to the directional movement of cells, which is important in processes like wound healing and immune responses.
• Cell Morphology: By regulating actin dynamics, BRK1 influences cell shape and structure, which is vital for various cellular functions.

Clinical Issues

• Cancer: Dysregulation of actin nucleation and cell motility can contribute to cancer metastasis. Alterations in the expression or function of BRK1 may impact tumor cell migration and invasion.
• Developmental Disorders: Given its role in cell migration and morphology, mutations or dysfunctions in BRK1 could be linked to developmental abnormalities and related disorders.

Summary

BRK1 is a critical subunit of the SCAR/WAVE actin nucleating complex, playing a vital role in the regulation of actin dynamics, cell migration, and morphology. Its small, homotrimeric structure allows it to stabilize and facilitate the function of the SCAR/WAVE complex. Through its involvement in these fundamental cellular processes, BRK1 is essential for normal cellular function and development. Dysregulation of BRK1 or the SCAR/WAVE complex can lead to various clinical issues, including cancer metastasis and developmental disorders, highlighting the importance of BRK1 in maintaining cellular integrity and function.