BDKRB - Bradykinin Receptor B | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background

Bradykinin receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to the peptide hormone bradykinin. These receptors play important roles in various physiological processes, including vasodilation, inflammation, pain perception, and tissue repair.

Structural Features

Bradykinin receptors, like other GPCRs, consist of seven transmembrane domains and possess an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus. Upon ligand binding, conformational changes in the receptor initiate intracellular signaling cascades through interaction with heterotrimeric G proteins. Bradykinin, a peptide hormone generated from the precursor kininogen, serves as the endogenous ligand for bradykinin receptors. It is produced locally at sites of tissue injury or inflammation and binds to and activates B1 and B2 receptors, eliciting physiological responses.

Subtypes and Classification:

There are two primary subtypes of bradykinin receptors:

1. B1 Receptor (BDKRB1): This subtype is inducible and is upregulated in response to tissue injury, inflammation, or cytokine stimulation. B1 receptors primarily mediate the inflammatory effects of bradykinin.
2. B2 Receptor (BDKRB2): This subtype is constitutively expressed in various tissues and mediates the vasodilatory, nociceptive, and tissue repair effects of bradykinin.

Physiological Functions:

Bradykinin receptors mediate various physiological effects in different tissues and organ systems:

• Vasodilation: Activation of B2 receptors on endothelial cells induces the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin, leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.
• Inflammation: Bradykinin receptors mediate the inflammatory response by increasing vascular permeability, promoting leukocyte recruitment, and stimulating the release of inflammatory mediators.
• Pain Perception: Activation of bradykinin receptors sensitizes nociceptors, contributing to the perception of pain and hypersensitivity.
• Tissue Repair: Bradykinin receptors play a role in tissue repair and regeneration by promoting angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition.

Clinical Implications

Dysregulation of bradykinin receptor signaling is associated with various pathological conditions:

• Inflammatory Diseases: Altered bradykinin receptor activity contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
• Cardiovascular Disorders: Dysfunctional bradykinin signaling is implicated in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, and atherosclerosis.
• Pain Disorders: Enhanced bradykinin receptor activity is observed in chronic pain conditions such as migraine, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia.

Therapeutic Potential:

Bradykinin receptors represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention in various diseases. Pharmacological modulation of bradykinin receptor activity, either through agonists, antagonists, or allosteric modulators, holds promise for the development of novel therapies targeting these receptors.