Toll-Like Receptor 10 (TLR10) Antibody

Background

Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is the only human TLR with an entirely unknown ligand and functional role, marking it as a unique and enigmatic member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family. This family plays essential roles in innate immunity by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiating immune responses. Despite its unclear ligand specificity, TLR10 is hypothesized to play regulatory roles, particularly in modulating immune responses. In humans, TLR10 is primarily expressed in lymphoid tissues such as the spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and the immune cells within these tissues, including B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes. TLR10 is expressed alongside TLRs that typically recognize nucleic acids or microbial components, which suggests that it may function in coordination with other TLRs to fine-tune immune responses, potentially acting as a regulatory or inhibitory receptor.