Recombinant Human E2F3

Background

E2F3 is a critical transcription factor involved in cell cycle regulation, particularly during the G1-to-S phase transition. It promotes the expression of genes essential for DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and mitotic progression, such as cyclin E and CDC6. E2F3 exists in two isoforms, E2F3a and E2F3b, which have distinct functions: E2F3a primarily drives cell proliferation, while E2F3b has roles in transcriptional repression and cellular quiescence. Dysregulation of E2F3 is associated with cancers such as bladder, lung, and prostate cancer, where its overexpression leads to uncontrolled proliferation and genomic instability. E2F3 is negatively regulated by the retinoblastoma protein (RB), and mutations in the RB pathway often result in E2F3 hyperactivity. Knockout studies demonstrate impaired cell proliferation, reduced embryonic development, and defects in organogenesis, highlighting E2F3's role in cell growth, differentiation, and tumor progression.