Rat Agrin (AGRN) Protein

Background

Agrin (AGRN) is a large proteoglycan protein primarily known for its crucial role in the formation and maintenance of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), where nerve cells communicate with muscle cells. It is secreted by motor neurons and accumulates at the postsynaptic membrane of the NMJ, where it interacts with receptors on the muscle cell surface to orchestrate synapse formation and stability. Agrin's role in NMJ development is essential for proper muscle function and movement. Beyond the neuromuscular system, agrin is also implicated in various other biological processes, including synaptic plasticity, neuronal migration, and kidney development. Dysregulation of agrin expression or signaling has been linked to neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism spectrum disorders. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying agrin's functions offers insights into synaptic physiology and pathology, providing potential targets for therapeutic intervention in neuromuscular and neurological disorders. Ongoing research continues to unravel the multifaceted roles of agrin in cellular and synaptic biology.