Prostaglandin E Receptor 1 (PTGER1) Antibody

Background

PTGER1, or EP1, is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a key mediator of inflammation, pain, and fever. PTGER1 couples to Gq proteins, activating phospholipase C (PLC), increasing intracellular calcium levels, and modulating downstream signaling pathways that regulate smooth muscle contraction, pain perception, and inflammation. PTGER1 is expressed in smooth muscle cells, neurons, and immune cells, where it plays a critical role in pain sensitization, gastric acid secretion, and vascular responses. Activation of PTGER1 enhances nociceptive signaling in peripheral sensory neurons, contributing to inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia. In the gastrointestinal system, PTGER1 regulates acid secretion and mucosal protection, while in the vasculature, it mediates vasoconstriction. Dysregulation of PTGER1 is associated with inflammatory diseases, pain disorders, and gastric ulcers. PTGER1 antagonists are being explored for treating inflammatory pain, arthritis, and gastric acid-related conditions by modulating PGE2-induced effects on inflammation and nociception.