Opioid Receptor Kappa 1 (OPRK1) Antibody

Background

OPRK1, or the kappa-opioid receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds endogenous opioid peptides such as dynorphins. It is widely expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in regions like the spinal cord, hypothalamus, and limbic system, where it modulates pain, stress responses, and mood. OPRK1 couples to Gi/o proteins, leading to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, decreased cAMP production, and reduced neurotransmitter release. Activation of OPRK1 produces analgesia, particularly in visceral and spinal pain pathways, and induces dysphoria and sedation. OPRK1 also plays a key role in stress-induced behaviors, drug addiction, and depression, where its activation can reduce dopamine release and inhibit reward pathways. Dysregulation of OPRK1 signaling contributes to chronic pain, addiction, and stress-related disorders. Kappa-opioid receptor agonists are being developed as non-addictive analgesics, while antagonists are under investigation for treating mood disorders, addiction, and stress resilience, positioning OPRK1 as a dual therapeutic target.