Human LAMTOR4 Protein

Background

Ragulator complex protein LAMTOR4 is an essential component of the Ragulator complex that interacts with Rag GTPases on the lysosomal membrane to activate mTORC1 signaling in response to amino acid availability LAMTOR4 functions as a scaffold within the complex, enabling mTORC1 to sense nutrient sufficiency and regulate anabolic and catabolic processes such as protein synthesis, autophagy, and cellular metabolism Loss of LAMTOR4 disrupts mTORC1 activation, leading to impaired cell growth, energy metabolism, and lysosomal function Studies indicate that LAMTOR4 is critical for immune cell activation, particularly in T-cell and macrophage responses, where mTOR signaling governs cellular proliferation and differentiation Dysregulation of LAMTOR4 has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and metabolic disorders, as impaired lysosome-mTORC1 communication disrupts cellular homeostasis and stress responses Its role in lysosomal positioning and signaling highlights its importance as a central regulator of nutrient sensing and cellular growth pathways