Human ATP Binding Cassette Transporter C8 (ABCC8) Protein

Background

ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 8 (ABCC8) encodes a sulfonylurea receptor that functions as a regulatory subunit of ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels. These channels play a critical role in glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells by coupling metabolic signals to membrane depolarization. ABCC8 mutations are linked to congenital hyperinsulinism, a condition characterized by unregulated insulin secretion leading to hypoglycemia. The protein is also expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues, where it regulates cellular energy homeostasis and membrane excitability under metabolic stress. Pharmacologically, ABCC8 is targeted by sulfonylureas and meglitinides, drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes by stimulating insulin secretion. Research highlights its potential role in cardiovascular physiology, particularly in ischemic preconditioning, where it helps protect tissues during periods of low oxygen supply.