Human Acyl-Coenzyme A Thioesterase 8 (ACOT8) Protein

Background

ACOT8 is a ubiquitously expressed peroxisomal enzyme that hydrolyzes a wide range of acyl-CoA substrates, from short- to long-chain fatty acids, contributing to diverse metabolic processes. It plays a vital role in peroxisomal β-oxidation, bile acid synthesis, and the detoxification of reactive lipid intermediates. ACOT8 is particularly active in tissues such as the liver, kidney, and adrenal glands, where it regulates lipid and energy metabolism under conditions of metabolic stress or dietary changes. It also modulates the availability of CoA, ensuring the proper functioning of CoA-dependent enzymes within peroxisomes. Dysregulation of ACOT8 activity has been implicated in metabolic syndromes, including obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, where altered lipid metabolism affects systemic energy balance. Its broad substrate specificity and enzymatic versatility make ACOT8 a critical player in maintaining peroxisomal and cellular metabolic homeostasis.