Human Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase Beta (ACACb) Protein

Background

Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase Beta (ACACB) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation. It catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which acts as an allosteric inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), the rate-limiting enzyme for mitochondrial fatty acid uptake and oxidation. ACACB is primarily expressed in tissues with high fatty acid oxidation rates, such as skeletal muscle, heart, and liver, and plays a key role in energy homeostasis by modulating the balance between fatty acid synthesis and degradation. Mutations or dysregulation of ACACB can lead to altered lipid metabolism and are associated with conditions such as insulin resistance, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. ACACB is also a promising target for therapeutic intervention in metabolic disorders, with inhibitors designed to promote fatty acid oxidation and reduce lipid accumulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes.