Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1 Protein

Background

Receptor Activity Modifying Protein 1 (RAMP1) is a member of the RAMP family that plays a crucial role in modulating the activity and function of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), particularly the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR). RAMP1 specifically partners with CRLR to form the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor, which is involved in diverse physiological processes, including vasodilation, pain modulation, and neurogenic inflammation. CGRP signaling, facilitated by RAMP1, is critical for maintaining vascular homeostasis by relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing blood flow. This pathway also contributes to migraine pathophysiology, where elevated CGRP levels and RAMP1 expression have been linked to migraine attacks. RAMP1 is expressed in vascular endothelial cells, sensory neurons, and tissues like the heart, lungs, and brain, underscoring its systemic relevance. Beyond vasodilation, RAMP1-CGRP signaling protects against ischemic injuries and contributes to cardioprotection during cardiac stress. Additionally, RAMP1 modulates the activity of other receptors, such as the adrenomedullin receptor, influencing fluid homeostasis and immune regulation. Targeting RAMP1 for therapeutic intervention, particularly through antagonists, has shown promise for treating migraines, hypertension, and inflammatory disorders.