Rat Dopamine Receptor D1 (DRD1) Protein

Background

DRD1 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that belongs to the D1-like receptor family and is the most abundant dopamine receptor in the central nervous system (CNS). It is primarily expressed in brain regions such as the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, where it modulates motor control, cognition, and reward signaling. DRD1 couples to Gs proteins, leading to activation of adenylate cyclase, which increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and activates protein kinase A (PKA) pathways. DRD1 signaling enhances synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory formation and plays a key role in mediating motivation and reinforcement behaviors. Dysregulation of DRD1 activity has been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and drug addiction, where abnormal dopaminergic transmission disrupts behavior and cognition. In Parkinson’s disease, reduced DRD1 signaling contributes to motor dysfunction due to dopamine depletion. DRD1 is also involved in cardiovascular regulation and renal function, influencing blood pressure and sodium balance. Pharmacological targeting of DRD1 with agonists or antagonists has therapeutic potential for neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s and schizophrenia, as well as cardiovascular conditions.