Rat Adrenergic Receptor Beta 1 (ADRB1) Protein

Background

The adrenergic receptor beta-1 (ADRB1) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that plays a critical role in cardiovascular physiology. Predominantly expressed in the heart, kidneys, and adipose tissues, ADRB1 mediates the effects of catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. Upon activation, ADRB1 stimulates adenylate cyclase through Gs proteins, leading to increased cAMP production. This process enhances heart rate (positive chronotropy), contractility (positive inotropy), and conduction velocity (positive dromotropy), making it essential for the regulation of cardiac output. ADRB1 also influences renin secretion from the kidneys, impacting blood pressure regulation. Polymorphisms in the ADRB1 gene, such as Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly, have been linked to altered receptor activity, influencing individual responses to stress, exercise, and beta-blocker therapies. Dysregulation or overstimulation of ADRB1 is associated with conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and arrhythmias, underscoring its significance as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.