Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type N2 (PTPRN2) Antibody

Background

PTPRN2, also known as IA-2β or phogrin, is closely related to PTPRN and is predominantly expressed in neuroendocrine and neuronal tissues. Like PTPRN, PTPRN2 has a transmembrane region and an intracellular domain with a catalytically inactive phosphatase-like region. PTPRN2 plays a crucial role in insulin and neurotransmitter secretion by regulating secretory granule biogenesis, transport, and exocytosis. It is particularly involved in maintaining the structural integrity of granules and their exocytotic machinery. PTPRN2 is an autoantigen in type 1 diabetes, contributing to β-cell autoimmunity and destruction. It has also been implicated in neurological functions, including synaptic vesicle release and neurotransmitter regulation. Dysregulation of PTPRN2 has been associated with metabolic diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting its significance in endocrine and neuronal cell function.