Parathyroid Hormone 2 Receptor (PTH2R) Antibody

Background

PTH2R is a G protein-coupled receptor activated primarily by tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39) and, to a lesser extent, parathyroid hormone (PTH). Unlike PTH1R, PTH2R is not involved in calcium homeostasis but instead regulates neuroendocrine functions, pain signaling, and vasodilation. PTH2R is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, including the hypothalamus and brainstem, as well as in pancreatic and cardiovascular tissues. It couples to Gs proteins, stimulating adenylate cyclase and increasing intracellular cAMP levels. PTH2R modulates neuropeptide release, pain perception, and stress responses. Emerging evidence suggests its involvement in regulating hypothalamic-pituitary functions and modulating blood flow. Dysregulation of PTH2R signaling is linked to altered pain sensitivity, stress-related disorders, and neuroendocrine dysfunction. Targeting PTH2R has therapeutic potential for managing chronic pain, stress disorders, and cardiovascular regulation, highlighting its role in neuropeptide-mediated signaling.