Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (GRM5) Antibody

Background

GRM5, or mGluR5, is a Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor that couples to Gq proteins, activating phospholipase C (PLC), increasing intracellular calcium levels, and triggering downstream signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/Akt. GRM5 is primarily expressed in the hippocampus, cortex, and basal ganglia, where it regulates synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory formation. It also modulates long-term potentiation (LTP) and excitotoxic responses. Dysregulation of GRM5 is implicated in neurological and psychiatric disorders, including fragile X syndrome, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, and addiction. GRM5 overactivation can exacerbate excitotoxicity, leading to neurodegeneration in diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Antagonists of GRM5, such as selective negative allosteric modulators (NAMs), are being explored for treating neurodevelopmental disorders, anxiety, and addiction. Targeting GRM5 holds significant promise for improving synaptic function and reducing excitotoxic damage in CNS-related diseases.