Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) Antibody

Background

The Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor or CD115, is a cell surface receptor that primarily regulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts. CSF1R is a transmembrane protein belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family and is activated by binding to its primary ligand, colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), as well as the alternative ligand interleukin-34 (IL-34). This receptor is essential for various immune functions and bone metabolism, primarily because of its role in maintaining and activating macrophage populations. The CSF1R gene is located on chromosome 5 (5q32) and encodes a protein that is essential in regulating macrophage differentiation, survival, and function. CSF1R signaling influences immune response, inflammation, tissue homeostasis, and bone remodeling. Dysregulation of CSF1R or its signaling pathways has been associated with pathological conditions such as inflammatory diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, mutations in CSF1R have been implicated in a group of disorders characterized by leukoencephalopathy and early-onset neurodegeneration.