Linker For Activation Of T-Cell (LAT) Protein

Background

The linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a critical adaptor protein primarily expressed in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. LAT serves as a central hub in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, playing a pivotal role in transmitting signals from the activated TCR complex to downstream pathways essential for T-cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. Following TCR engagement, LAT becomes phosphorylated on its tyrosine residues, creating docking sites for multiple signaling molecules, including PLCγ1, Grb2, and Gads. This process orchestrates a cascade of events that culminates in calcium flux, MAPK activation, and cytoskeletal reorganization. LAT's proper functioning is indispensable for effective immune responses, and its dysregulation is linked to immune deficiencies and T-cell malignancies. Research into LAT has provided significant insights into T-cell signaling mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases and cancers.