Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-2 Protein

Background

Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM2) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays an essential role in immune cell trafficking, endothelial integrity, and cell signaling. ICAM-2 is encoded by the ICAM2 gene and, along with other intercellular adhesion molecules, serves as a ligand for leukocyte integrins such as LFA-1 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1), facilitating the adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes across endothelial cells. It is broadly expressed on endothelial cells, leukocytes, and various other cell types. ICAM-2 is involved in vascular and immune system homeostasis, with roles extending to inflammation, cancer, and neurological functions. Unlike ICAM-1, which is inducible by inflammatory cytokines, ICAM-2 is constitutively expressed but has been found to increase in certain pathophysiological conditions, especially involving endothelial activation. The stable presence of ICAM-2 on endothelial cells makes it significant for lymphocyte recirculation and endothelial-leukocyte interactions, aiding immune surveillance and response to pathogens.