Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 1A / CD120a (TNFRSF1A) Protein

Background

TNFRSF1A , also known as Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 1A or TNFR1 , is a prominent cell surface receptor that binds tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). TNFR1 plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, cell survival, apoptosis, and inflammation, making it an essential component in both innate and adaptive immunity. The TNFRSF1A gene is located on chromosome 12p13.31 and encodes a protein that is expressed in nearly all cell types, with high expression in immune cells, epithelial cells, and neurons. As a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, TNFRSF1A is involved in multiple signaling pathways, depending on cellular and environmental conditions. Upon binding to TNF-α, TNFR1 can trigger both pro-inflammatory responses and cell death pathways, depending on the context of signaling and additional molecules present. This receptor’s dual role is tightly regulated, as overactivation of TNFR1-mediated pathways can lead to pathological inflammation, while insufficient TNFR1 activity may hinder immune responses.