Human T-Lymphocyte Activation Antigen CD80 (CD80) Protein

Background

CD80, also known as B7-1, is a protein encoded by the CD80 gene in humans. It is an essential costimulatory molecule expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages. CD80 plays a critical role in the regulation of immune responses by providing the necessary second signal for T cell activation and survival. This molecule interacts with CD28 and CTLA-4 receptors on T cells, mediating various immune responses. The discovery and understanding of CD80 have significant implications for immunology, particularly in the context of autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, and cancer immunotherapy.