Human Somatostatin Receptor 2 (SSTR2) Protein

Background

SSTR2 is another member of the somatostatin receptor family, primarily activated by somatostatin. Like SSTR1, SSTR2 also couples to Gi proteins to inhibit adenylate cyclase and reduce cAMP levels. It is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the pituitary gland, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract, and plays a crucial role in regulating the secretion of growth hormone, insulin, and other hormones. SSTR2 is particularly important in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary and in controlling insulin release from pancreatic β-cells. It is also implicated in regulating gastrointestinal motility and digestive enzyme secretion. Dysregulation of SSTR2 signaling is often found in tumors, particularly neuroendocrine tumors, where increased hormone secretion occurs. SSTR2 agonists, like somatostatin analogs, are used in the clinical management of conditions such as acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, and other endocrine-related disorders, where they help control hormone levels and reduce tumor growth.