Human Serpin B3 (SERPINB3) Protein

Background

SERPINB3, also known as squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1), is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily. This family of proteins plays critical roles in regulating various physiological processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, and immune responses. SERPINB3 was first identified due to its overexpression in squamous cell carcinomas, a type of skin cancer, which has made it a significant biomarker in oncology. The SERPINB3 gene is located on chromosome 18q21, where it resides in a cluster with several other SERPIN genes, including SERPINB4, with which it shares a high degree of homology. SERPINB3 is primarily expressed in epithelial tissues, particularly in the skin and mucous membranes. It is upregulated in response to various stressors, such as inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress, indicating its role in cellular defense mechanisms.