Human Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 2 (NCAM2) Protein

Background

Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 2 (NCAM2), also known as OCAM (Olfactory Cell Adhesion Molecule), is another member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that mediates cell adhesion and neuronal connectivity. NCAM2 shares structural similarities with NCAM1, including five Ig-like domains and two fibronectin type III domains in its extracellular region. However, NCAM2 has distinct roles in the olfactory system and brain development. It is highly expressed in olfactory neurons, where it regulates axon guidance and synaptic targeting. NCAM2 is crucial for neuronal differentiation and the establishment of specific neural circuits, particularly in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. It mediates homophilic binding (interaction with identical molecules) to promote cell adhesion and structural organization. In the brain, NCAM2 is essential for the maintenance of synaptic connections and proper cortical layering.