Human Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33 (CD33) Protein

Background

CD33, also known as Siglec-3 (Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 3), is a transmembrane receptor expressed primarily on cells of myeloid lineage. It belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and plays a significant role in the regulation of innate immunity. CD33 was first identified in the late 1980s as a marker on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, making it a focal point for research in hematological malignancies. This glycoprotein is encoded by the CD33 gene located on chromosome 19q13.3. CD33 is involved in cellular signaling processes that modulate immune cell function and survival.