Human Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Subfamily A Member 3 (LILRA3) Protein

Background

LILRA3 (Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor A3), also referred to as ILT6 or CD85e, is an intriguing member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) family, which is predominantly expressed on immune cells. LILRA3 is unique among LILR family members because it lacks a transmembrane domain, functioning as a soluble molecule. Found within the Leukocyte Receptor Complex (LRC) on chromosome 19q13.4, LILRA3 plays a significant role in modulating immune responses, particularly in inflammatory pathways. As a soluble receptor, LILRA3 is capable of binding various ligands, which include MHC class I molecules, and thus can modulate signaling pathways related to immune tolerance and immune response activation. Its specific function in the immune system remains somewhat enigmatic, as both pro-inflammatory and inhibitory effects have been suggested. However, it is recognized as a key player in regulating inflammation and immune homeostasis, with particular relevance in autoimmune diseases, infections, and certain cancers