Human Killer Cell Immunoglobulin Like Receptor 3DL2 (KIR3DL2) Protein

Background

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor 3DL2 (KIR3DL2) is a member of the KIR family of receptors expressed predominantly on natural killer (NK) cells and subsets of T cells, playing a significant role in immune system regulation and surveillance. This receptor specifically interacts with HLA class I molecules, with a preference for HLA-A3 and HLA-A11 alleles, delivering inhibitory signals that modulate NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. KIR3DL2 polymorphisms and expression levels have been implicated in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis and certain infections, demonstrating its critical role in balancing immune activation and tolerance. Recent studies highlight the involvement of KIR3DL2 in cancer, particularly in Hodgkin’s lymphoma, where it may serve as a therapeutic target for novel immunotherapies. Through its inhibitory signaling and interaction with diverse HLA ligands, KIR3DL2 ensures immune homeostasis while also influencing outcomes in transplantation and disease progression.