Human Interferon Alpha 14 (IFNa14) Protein

Background

Interferon Alpha 14 (IFNA14) is an integral member of the type I interferon family and contributes significantly to the immune system's antiviral defense. Like other alpha interferons, IFNA14 is secreted by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, monocytes, and other immune cells in response to viral infections, particularly during the early stages. Once released, IFNA14 binds to the interferon alpha/beta receptor (IFNAR) on the surface of various cell types, initiating a signaling cascade through the JAK-STAT pathway. This leads to the transcription of numerous interferon-stimulated genes, which are crucial for antiviral activities, such as halting viral replication, promoting apoptosis in infected cells, and enhancing antigen presentation to T cells. Furthermore, IFNA14 aids in the activation and proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, strengthening the immune system's ability to target and eliminate infected cells. Its specific role within the alpha interferon family may involve unique expression patterns or targeted immune functions, though further research is needed to fully delineate its contributions to immunity and potential clinical applications.