Human IL26 Protein

Background

Interleukin 26 (IL26) is a member of the IL-10 cytokine family and is notable for its dual role in both immune modulation and antimicrobial defense. It is predominantly expressed by activated T cells, especially Th17 cells, as well as NK cells and some monocytes. IL-26 has been primarily studied in the context of chronic inflammation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and other chronic inflammatory diseases. IL-26 plays a unique role within the immune system by acting as both a cytokine and a host-defense peptide. As a cytokine, it helps orchestrate immune responses, particularly those involving Th17 cells, and as an antimicrobial peptide, it exhibits direct bactericidal properties. Its ability to bind and disrupt bacterial membranes marks IL-26 as part of the innate immune defense against pathogens.