Human Growth Hormone Variant (GH2) Protein

Background

Growth hormone 2 (GH2) is a member of the growth hormone gene family primarily expressed in the placenta, where it plays a critical role in regulating fetal growth and maternal metabolic adaptations during pregnancy GH2 is structurally similar to growth hormone 1 (GH1) but has distinct roles in enhancing placental development and nutrient transport to the fetus It stimulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production and modulates maternal glucose and lipid metabolism to ensure fetal nutrient supply Dysregulation of GH2 expression has been associated with placental insufficiency, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and gestational diabetes GH2 also influences immune responses during pregnancy, promoting tolerance to the fetus while maintaining maternal immunity Emerging studies suggest that alterations in GH2 expression may contribute to pregnancy complications and metabolic disorders, highlighting its importance in fetal development and maternal physiology