Human Aminoacylase 3 (ACY3) Protein

Background

ACY3 is a cytosolic and mitochondrial enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of N-acylated amino acids, particularly those associated with glutamate and aspartate, into free amino acids and their acyl groups. This enzyme is primarily expressed in the kidneys and liver, where it supports amino acid metabolism and the detoxification of metabolic byproducts. ACY3 plays a role in maintaining cellular amino acid pools and regulating nitrogen metabolism, contributing to processes like gluconeogenesis and energy production. It is also involved in clearing N-acetylated intermediates that accumulate during amino acid catabolism. Dysregulation of ACY3 has been implicated in kidney function abnormalities and metabolic disorders, where disruptions in amino acid metabolism can lead to imbalances in energy homeostasis. Its dual localization and specificity for acidic N-acylated amino acids highlight its specialized function in amino acid processing and metabolic regulation.