Histamine H2 Receptor (HRH2) Antibody

Background

HRH2 is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by histamine, primarily expressed in gastric parietal cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells. HRH2 couples to Gs proteins, activating adenylyl cyclase, increasing cAMP levels, and promoting protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated signaling. In the stomach, HRH2 regulates gastric acid secretion by stimulating parietal cells, making it a key target for managing acid-related disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. HRH2 also plays roles in immune regulation, where its activation suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production and modulates T-cell responses. In the cardiovascular system, HRH2 induces vasodilation and regulates heart rate. Dysregulation of HRH2 contributes to hyperacidity, gastric ulcers, and inflammatory diseases. HRH2 antagonists, such as ranitidine and famotidine, are widely used as acid-suppressive therapies. HRH2 also has a role in cancer progression, where its expression influences tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion, particularly in gastrointestinal cancers.