Alcohol Dehydrogenase 4 (Class II), Pi Polypeptide (ADH4) Antibody

Background

ADH4 encodes a class II alcohol dehydrogenase primarily expressed in the liver, stomach, and other tissues, where it contributes to the metabolism of various alcohols, including ethanol, retinol, and hydroxysteroids. Unlike class I enzymes, ADH4 has a broader substrate specificity and plays a key role in the detoxification of longer-chain alcohols and other xenobiotics. It is also involved in retinoic acid synthesis, linking it to pathways critical for cellular differentiation and immune responses. Genetic variations in ADH4 can influence enzyme activity and alcohol metabolism rates, impacting susceptibility to alcohol-related liver diseases and cancers. Its ability to process retinol highlights its importance in visual and developmental processes. Dysregulation or polymorphisms in ADH4 have been implicated in increased oxidative stress and tissue damage, particularly in alcohol-related gastrointestinal and liver disorders.