ANXA10 - Annexin A10 | Elisa - Clia - Antibody - Protein

Background:

Annexin A10, also known as ANXA10, is another member of the annexin family of proteins. ANXA10, like other annexins, is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein. However, compared to ANXA1, ANXA10 is less well-studied, and its precise functions are still being elucidated Annexins often play roles in cell signaling pathways, and ANXA10 likely participates in similar processes. ANXA10 is expressed in various tissues, including the kidney, brain, and placenta. Its expression pattern suggests roles in these specific tissues, but more research is needed to fully understand its distribution and functions. Some studies have suggested a potential role for ANXA10 in cancer. For example, it has been implicated in breast cancer progression. Given its expression in the kidney, ANXA10 may have relevance to renal disorders, though specific mechanisms are not well-established.

Protein Structure:

• Core Structure: Like other annexins, ANXA10 has a conserved core domain consisting of four annexin repeats, each made up of five α-helices. This domain facilitates the binding of calcium ions and phospholipids.
• N-terminal Domain: The N-terminal domain of ANXA10 is unique and is thought to mediate specific interactions and functional roles that distinguish it from other annexin family members.

Classification and Subtypes:

ANXA10 belongs to the annexin family, which includes several other members (e.g., ANXA1, ANXA2, ANXA3, etc.), each with unique and overlapping functions. There are no known subtypes of ANXA10, but its roles and interactions within the broader annexin family context are of interest for further research.

Function and Biological Significance:

• Cellular Functions: The exact functions of ANXA10 are not fully understood. However, like other annexins, it is believed to be involved in processes such as membrane trafficking, cell signaling, and the regulation of inflammatory responses.
• Gastrointestinal Expression: High expression levels in the gastrointestinal tract suggest a role in the maintenance of epithelial cell function, integrity, and possibly protection against gastrointestinal diseases.

Interactions:

• Phospholipids: ANXA10 binds to phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner, a common feature among annexins that allows them to associate with cellular membranes.
• Potential Protein Partners: The specific protein interaction partners of ANXA10 are not well documented. Further research is needed to elucidate its interaction network and how these interactions influence cellular functions.

Clinical Issues:

• Cancer: Altered expression of ANXA10 has been observed in various cancers, particularly those of the gastrointestinal tract. Its expression levels may correlate with disease progression, making it a potential biomarker for diagnosis or prognosis. For instance, reduced expression of ANXA10 has been associated with gastric and colorectal cancers, suggesting a potential tumor suppressor role.
• Inflammatory Diseases: Given its expression in the gastrointestinal tract, ANXA10 might be involved in inflammatory diseases of the gut, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, more research is needed to confirm these associations.

Summary:

Annexin A10 (ANXA10) is a protein of the annexin family, characterized by its calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding properties. Predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, ANXA10 is implicated in maintaining epithelial integrity and possibly in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases, including cancer. Although its functions and interactions are not fully elucidated, ANXA10 holds potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer and possibly other diseases. Ongoing research is essential to uncover the precise roles and mechanisms of ANXA10 in health and disease.