Rat Macrophage Mannose Receptor 1 (MRC1) Protein

Background

MRC1, or mannose receptor C-type 1, is a type I transmembrane protein predominantly found on the surface of macrophages, dendritic cells, and certain endothelial cells. The receptor, encoded by the MRC1 gene, plays an essential role in immune surveillance and host defense against pathogens. It is a member of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) family, a group of proteins involved in recognizing carbohydrate structures on pathogens, facilitating their capture, and subsequently initiating immune responses. The mannose receptor (MR) recognizes and binds to mannose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine residues, which are common on the surface of microorganisms, thereby enabling the immune system to detect a broad range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This recognition mechanism is crucial for identifying foreign pathogens that display distinct glycosylation patterns on their surfaces compared to host cells. Beyond its role in pathogen recognition, MRC1 is involved in various physiological processes, including antigen processing and presentation, phagocytosis, and homeostasis. By mediating endocytosis of specific ligands and facilitating the clearance of glycoproteins and degraded cell components, MRC1 supports tissue repair and cellular turnover, making it integral to both innate immunity and tissue remodeling.