Rat Apolipoprotein F (APOF) Protein

Background

Apolipoprotein F (APOF) is a lesser-known but essential component of the apolipoprotein family, predominantly found in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). ApoF plays a regulatory role in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity, which facilitates the transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins like VLDL and LDL. By modulating CETP activity, ApoF influences cholesterol distribution, lipid metabolism, and the balance between HDL and LDL particles. ApoF is mainly synthesized in the liver and circulates in plasma, with elevated levels observed in dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. ApoF is thought to act as a negative regulator of CETP, reducing cholesterol transfer and preserving HDL levels, which are vital for reverse cholesterol transport and cardiovascular health. Its role in maintaining HDL function positions ApoF as a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis and other metabolic disorders. Further research is exploring its contribution to lipid homeostasis, inflammation, and cholesterol efflux pathways, which are critical for combating cardiovascular disease and lipid-related pathologies.