Rat Angiotensin II Receptor 2 (AGTR2) Protein

Background

AGTR2 is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds angiotensin II, exerting effects that often counterbalance the actions of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1). AGTR2 is expressed in various tissues, including the fetal nervous system, vascular endothelium, kidneys, and heart, and its expression decreases after birth but remains significant in specific contexts, such as injury or disease. Unlike AGTR1, AGTR2 primarily mediates vasodilation, anti-inflammatory effects, antiproliferative actions, and pro-apoptotic signaling, contributing to cardiovascular and tissue protection. AGTR2 signaling involves activation of protein phosphatases, nitric oxide (NO) production, and the modulation of signaling pathways like p38 MAPK and Akt, promoting its protective effects on the vasculature and reducing oxidative stress. Dysregulation of AGTR2 has been linked to vascular remodeling, hypertension, and neurological disorders, including cerebral ischemia and neurodegeneration. Additionally, AGTR2 is implicated in promoting angiogenesis and maintaining neuronal growth during development.